Internet of things (IOT) based smart farming: A futuristic approach

Abstract

The world population has touched 7.9 billion mark and the expected growth is 9 billion by 2050 and 11 billion by 2100 (Muzamil et al., 2022). The rise has coincided with an increase in urbanization and industrialization; triggering rural-urban migration and creating a vacuum in terms of labour workforce in the agricultural sector. Although, a number of technologies were developed in the agricultural sector, however, the sector continues to rely heavily on the manual labour. Agricultural is labour intensive and dangerous occupation after construction and mining owing to its high injury and fatality rates. In India, a report suggested that the agricultural workforce reduced from 54% to 40% in last one decade and can reach to 26% by 2050. This has the propensity to expose the agricultural system to new challenges, jeopardize the existing social order and threaten the food security system.