Food Printing – An Emerging Field for Smart Manufacturing of Tailored Diets

Abstract

3D and 4D food printing is developing as a novel technology that has the potential to revolutionize the food supply chain. Extrusion-based 3D and 4D printing of meals and the key elements impacting the production of eective edible 3D structures with ideal textures that meet the requirements of particular consumers are discussed in this article. 4D food printing and the development of programmable food texture, resulting in color, shape, size, fragrance, and nutritional content variations can eciently deliver novel consumer-centered meals with holistic characteristics. ese changes are triggered by a variety of external stimuli, including acid or alkaline environments and the anisotropic behavior of printed materials aer drying.