AgTech for the Transformation of Agriculture in India

Abstract

India stands at a pivotal juncture in its agricultural development journey. With a cultivable area of over 157 million hectares—second only to the United States—and the pressing need to ensure both food and ecological security for a growing population, agriculture must evolve rapidly. The sector is confronting interlinked challenges: soil degradation, erratic weather patterns due to climate change, falling groundwater levels, and increasing air and water pollution. Simultaneously, farmer incomes remain low, and productivity growth has plateaued in many regions. These issues underline the urgency for a new approach—one rooted in technological transformation.