Assessment of Evapotranspiration, Water Productivity and Yield Response Factor for Groundnut under Deficit Irrigation Using Lysimeter in a Hot Arid Ecosystem
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2025621.1908Keywords:
field water balance, part-circle mini-sprinkler, soil moisture dynamics, water savingAbstract
In this study, we focused on precise determination of actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of groundnut in an arid region of India using single load cell-based mini-lysimeters. This study, for the first time, integrated two water saving techniques, i.e., pressurized irrigation system through mini-sprinklers and deficit irrigation strategy. The groundnut crop (var. Girnar-2) was grown in lysimeter as well as in field plots under deficit irrigation treatments based on cumulative pan evaporation (CPE), i.e., T1 (100% of CPE), T2 (80% of CPE), T3 (60% of CPE) and T4 (40% of CPE) with three replications during 2014-2018. Lysimeters’ weights were monitored daily to determine ETc and soil moisture at weekly interval. Yield response factor (Ky) and crop water productivity were computed in all four treatments. The ETc (661-817 mm) and pod yield (4.2 t ha-1) for groundnut were obtained as the highest in treatment T1. However, water productivity was maximum (0.61 kg m-3) in treatment T2 on sacrificing 8.7% of the yield obtained in treatment T1. The mean Ky value for groundnut under deficit irrigation was computed as 0.63 and varied from 0.68 (T2) to 1.34 (T4). This finding indicates that groundnut can tolerate up to 80% deficit irrigation, and beyond this level, the crop becomes sensitive to water stress with large reduction in pod yield. On the other hand, the pod yield revealed 24% and 46% reductions at 60% and 40% deficit irrigation levels, respectively. Therefore, in arid climate, where water is a precious and limited natural resource, irrigation at 80% CPE in groundnut crop is plausible and profitable irrigation water management strategy.
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