Food Grains and Jaggery-based Expanded Food: Optimization of Process Variables, Protein Efficiency Ratio and Consumer Acceptability

Mridula D; Sheetal Bhadwal; Swati Sethi; R. K. Vishwakarma; Manju Bala; Sandeep Kaswan

doi:10.52151/jae2021581.1731

Authors

Mridula D ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, PAU Campus, Ludhiana- 141 004, Punjab, India Author
Sheetal Bhadwal ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, PAU Campus, Ludhiana Author
Swati Sethi ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, PAU Campus, Ludhiana Author
R. K. Vishwakarma ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, PAU Campus, Ludhiana Author
Manju Bala ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, PAU Campus, Ludhiana Author
Sandeep Kaswan Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52151/jae2021581.1731

Keywords:

Jaggery, extrusion, protein digestibility, protein efficiency ratio, nutritious expanded food

Abstract

Extrusion parameters for nutritious expanded food with jaggery were optimized following box-benken design using Response Surface Methodology. Jaggery and feed moisture affected physical properties, while nutritional and sensory properties of products were influenced by jaggery only. Optimized level of extrusion parameters consisted of 100 oC die head temperature, screw speed of 304 rpm, 14 % moisture and 4 g jaggery per 100 g of formulation with 80 % maize, 14 % defatted soy-meal, and 6 % sesame-based formulation having overall desirability of 0.807. This expanded food showed expansion ratio of 3.57, 173.76 kg.m-3 bulk density, 15.18 % protein with 72.55 % invitro protein digestibility and 2.63 protein efficiency ratio, 1.97 % total minerals, 2.9 mg.100 g-1 iron, 158 mg.100 g-1 calcium with acceptability score of 8.2 that also indicated the consumer acceptability ≥7 by 95.37 % using 9-point hedonic scale.

Author Biographies

Mridula D, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, PAU Campus, Ludhiana- 141 004, Punjab, India

Principal Scientist
Sheetal Bhadwal, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, PAU Campus, Ludhiana

ex-SRF
Swati Sethi, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, PAU Campus, Ludhiana

Scientist
R. K. Vishwakarma, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, PAU Campus, Ludhiana

Principal Scientist
Manju Bala, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, PAU Campus, Ludhiana

Principal Scientist
Sandeep Kaswan, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana

Assistant Professor

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